介绍
从2轮车像自行车一样到四轮车，就像汽车一样，每当我们谈论汽车中的齿轮或齿轮换档时，我们经常听到“离合器”一词，因为我们知道要将驱动器从高速扭矩转移到高速，反之亦然，我们需要按下我们离合器踏板比只有换档的可能性可能发生，但问题出现了，离合器会做什么？为什么它是汽车车辆的重要组成部分？基本答案是“离合器是用于传输2轴之间波动旋转的设备”，但是如何完成？仍然没有解决，让我们通过讨论多板离合器（许多老式汽车和自行车中使用的一种离合器）来找出答案。
多板离合器是一种离合器类型，其中多个离合器板用于与发动机的飞轮进行摩擦接触，以便在发动机轴和汽车车辆的变速箱之间发射功率。
A multi-plate clutch is used in automobiles and in machinery where high torque output is required.
在自行车和踏板车中，由于限制了自行车和踏板车中使用的紧凑型变速箱，因此使用了多板离合器。
What is the Need of a Multi-Plate Clutch?
As we know a clutch is the most important integral part of a power train as it is used to transmit the power from engine shaft to the transmission shaft for further shifting the drive to required torque or speed output, but what is the need of multi-plate clutch? Let’s discuss-
- Where there is a need of high torque output like in pick-up truck, a single plate clutch fails to provide that much frictional force (between flywheel and clutch plates) that is required to provide such a high torque, so in heavy vehicle like pickup trucks multi-plate clutches are used.
- In 2 wheeler vehicles like bikes and scooters there is a problem of packaging due to their small size, So to fulfil the need of required torque output, instead of a large single plate clutch , A multi-plate clutch having small clutch plates is used to transmit power between engine shaft and the transmission shaft.
- When there is the engagement of the clutch ( in order to transmit power between flywheel and the transmission shaft ) multiple plates of a multi- plate clutch provides more frictional force between the flywheel and the pressure plate as compared to single plate clutch, due to which the chances of slip is almost negligible in multi plate clutch.
- 当我们进入具有不同跌宕起伏或不同道路挑战的地形时，需要多板离合器来保持发动机和变速箱之间的平稳而稳定的接合，从而连续提供所需的扭矩和速度车辆。
- The efforts required by the driver on the clutch pedal in order to engage or disengage the clutch is less in multi-plate clutch as compared to single plate clutch.
Also Read:
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种类Multi-Plate Clutch
1. Spring Type Multi-Plate Clutch
在这一点type of clutch a cover attached with the flywheel of the engine is used inside which the multiple clutch plates , pressure plate ,thrust bearing etc. are packed (the clutch plates are placed over each other and mounted over a splined shaft.)
- A pressure plate is used which is having outer sleeve connected to the pedal fork in such a way that the pressing of pedal will move the pressure plate outward in order to disengage the clutch.
- This pressure plate used are made to contact with the clutch plates pack in order to engage the clutch and the release of this contact will result in dis-engagement of the clutch.
- The engagement of the clutch is maintained by the stiffness provided by the number of thrust springs placed in circular fashion used behind the pressure plate, due to the compression of these thrust springs disengagement of the clutch occurs.
- 由于使用踏板运动运行的推力弹簧被用来接合离合器并脱离离合器，因此这种类型的离合器称为弹簧型多板离合器。
- This type of clutch is used in old cars and bikes.
2.隔膜类型多板离合器
这是弹簧型多板离合器的修改版，其中以弹簧类型离合器的圆形弹簧替换为特殊的冠状手指型弹簧，称为diaphragm弹簧。
- 在离合器的手指like fins of the diaphragm clutch stays in inflated state due to which the pack of multiple clutch plates having friction lining at the other end attached with this spring makes continuous frictional contact with the flywheel results in power transmission between the engine flywheel and the transmission shaft.
- When driver presses the clutch in order to shift gear, the force applied by the driver over pedal is transferred to the diaphragm spring which in turn deflates the fingers of the diaphragm spring and the disengagement of the clutch takes place.
- 这些类型的离合器用于现代汽车和自行车。
3. Hydraulic Operated or Automatic Clutch
This is the modern type of clutch used in vehicles fitted with the automatic transmission, in this type of clutch a hydraulic device having highly compressed fluid operated with the accelerator pedal is coupled with the multi-plate clutch and the engagement and disengagement of the clutch is obtained by the output given by the hydraulic device which is controlled with the acceleration pedal.
- 多板离合器被认为是配备自动变速器的车辆最佳离合器设备，这是由于其高扭矩变速器，并且由于其在操作离合器所需的踏板努力较小而受益
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Main Parts of the Multi Plate Clutch
The main components of all the clutches used in automobile vehicle is almost same but with some modifications, so let’s discuss the main parts of different types of multi-plate clutches used.
Spring Type Multi-Plate Clutch
1.压力板
A plate attached to the splined sleeves which are further attached to the pedal fulcrum such that when the clutch pedal is pressed, the sleeves attached to the pedal fulcrum moves outward which in turn moves the pressure plate attached with this splined sleeve.
- This pressure plate used in clutch applies pressure over the clutch plates with the help of thrust springs that helps the pressure plate to maintain its frictional contact with the clutch plates.
2.离合器板
It is the metallic plate having frictional lines at its outer surfaces and is used to make frictional contact with the flywheel in order to transmit power between engine shaft and the transmission shaft.
- The inner frictional surface of the clutch plate makes contact with the flywheel and the outer frictional surface makes frictional contact with the pressure plate whose movement is operated by the clutch pedal.
- 在多板离合器中，使用了多个离合器板，其中将数量的离合器板彼此放置，从而增加了离合器接合所需的摩擦力。
3.推力弹簧
这些都是解放军背后使用的弹簧压力te and the stiffness of these springs is used by the pressure plate to maintain the frictional contact with the clutch plates which in turn maintain the clutch engagement.
- 以圆形方式将推力弹簧的数量放在压力板的外表面上。
- The force applied by the driver over the clutch pedal is transferred to these thrust springs which in turn causes movement of these springs and the disengagement of the clutch occurs.
4. Clutch Pedal
A clutch pedal operated by the driver of the vehicle is used to control the engagement and disengagement of the clutch.
- When the clutch pedal is pressed the fulcrum attached with its inner end rotates which in turn causes movement in the splined sleeves through which the pressure plate attached and with this movement of splined sleeve disengagement of the clutch occurs.
5.Splined Shaft & Inner Splined Sleeves
使用外部旋转的透射输入轴，其中包含离合器板，压力板，内部旋转套筒，离合器套管的完整离合器组件放置并与其旋转。
- 在多板离合器中附着在压力板上的内部花式套筒，该套筒的运动由离合器踏板控制。
- The to and fro movement of this inner splined sleeve causes engagement and disengagement of the clutch.
6. Flywheel
Though this is the part of the engine but we can also consider it as a part of clutch system as the transmission of power from engine output shaft to the transmission shaft is obtained by the frictional contact between the clutch and the flywheel of the engine.
Also Read:
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Diaphragm Clutch
All the parts of the diaphragm clutch and the spring type clutch is same but the modification is made in the spring used for engagement and disengagement of the clutch. Let’s discuss about it.
1. Diaphragm Spring
In diaphragm type clutch system the thrust springs used in spring type clutch is replaced with a special diaphragm type springs.
- This diaphragm spring is a circular spring having number of fingers like fins at its central surface which looks like a inflated diaphragm.
- 在互动过程中，这些手指像隔膜弹簧的鳍一样保持膨胀的形状，进而在压力板上施加压力，并分别保持压力板，离合器板和飞轮之间的摩擦接触。
- 当将离合器踏板按下时，这些手指就像隔膜弹簧的鳍一样移动，就像放气的隔膜一样，进而消除压力板上的压力并脱离离合器。
Hydraulic or Automatic Multi-plate Clutch
All the component of the hydraulic type multi-plate clutch is almost same as the diaphragm clutch but the modification is made in its operation that is.
- 在这一点type of clutch离合器的接触和脱离controlled by the hydraulic device (eg- torque converter) controlled with the accelerator pedal and is coupled with the diaphragm type multi-plate clutch.
- 在这种类型的多板离合器中，无需离合器踏板。
Working
The working of the multi-plate clutch can be best understood by discussing the simple spring type multi-plate clutch
Engagement of Clutch
- During the engaged state of the clutch i.e. when the clutch pedal is not pressed, The thrust springs do not move due to which the stiffness provided by these springs maintains the pressure over the pressure plate having friction lines on its inner surface.
- 由于压力表面的这种压力，压力板的摩擦线与多个离合器板的摩擦线之间的摩擦接触得以维持在飞轮上施加摩擦力。
- Due to this frictional force the frictional contact between the multiple clutch plates and the flywheel is maintained which in turn finally provides clutch engagement.
Disengagement of Clutch
- When the clutch pedal is pressed the fulcrum attached at its inner end rotates due which the inner splined sleeve through which the pressure plate is attached moves outward which in turn applies pressure over the thrust springs.
- 由于这种力，推力弹簧的移动又在压力板上释放压力，最后释放了压力板，离合器板和飞轮之间的摩擦力。
- Due to this removal of the frictional force, frictional contact between the pressure plate, clutch plate and flywheel breaks and finally the disengagement of the clutch is obtained.
For better understanding the working of multi plate clutch watch the video given below:
In diaphragm type multi-plate clutch all the working is almost same the little difference is that instead of thrust springs, diaphragm spring is used for engagement and dis engagement of the clutch.
在自动类型的多板离合器中，随着互动和脱离离合器的脱离操作，工作的不同，可以通过与加速器踏板一起操作的液压设备自动进行自动，该踏板与隔膜类型多板离合器耦合。
